This class of poetry found a congenial home in the brilliant and lively city of Athens, where, to the very end of the Peloponnesian War, it was the regular custom at banquets, after all had joined in the paean, to pass round a lyre with a twig of myrtle, and to request all guests who had the requisite skill to sing such a song on the spur of the moment. The last mentioned, however, gave them a more artistic form, with several strophes, in accordance with the rules of Dorian lyric verse. The ancients ascribed their invention to Terpander, and they received their first development among the Lesbians, and were written by such masters of song as Alcaeus, Sappho, Praxilla, Timocreon, Simonides, and Pindar. Several of the songs in his song cycle Die schöne Müllerin use strophic form.Short lyrical poems, usually consisting of a single strophe, which were intended to be sung after dinner over the wine. Franz Schubert composed many important strophic lieder, including settings of both narrative poems and simpler, folk-like texts, such as his " Heidenröslein" and "Der Fischer". Haydn used the strophic variation form in many of his string quartets and a few of his symphonies, employed almost always in the slow second movement. Many classical art songs are also composed in strophic form, from the 17th century French air de cour to 19th century German lieder and beyond. Examples include " Barbara Allen", " Erie Canal", " Michael, Row the Boat Ashore", and " Oh! Susanna" (A = verse & chorus). Many folk and popular songs are strophic in form, including the twelve-bar blues, ballads, hymns and chants. While the terms 'refrain' and 'chorus' are often used interchangeably, 'refrain' may indicate a recurring line of identical melody and lyrics as a part of the verse (as in " Blowin' in the Wind": ".the answer my friend."), while 'chorus' means an independent form section (as in " Yellow Submarine": "We all live in."). Contrasting verse-chorus form is a binary form that alternates between two sections of music (ABAB), although this may also be interpreted as constituting a larger strophic verse- refrain form. This additive method is the musical analogue of repeated stanzas in poetry or lyrics and, in fact, where the text repeats the same rhyme scheme from one stanza to the next, the song's structure also often uses either the same or very similar material from one stanza to the next.Ī modified strophic form varies the pattern in some stanzas (A A' A".) somewhat like a rudimentary theme and variations. It is the simplest and most durable of musical forms, extending a piece of music by repetition of a single formal section. The term is derived from the Greek word στροφή, strophē, meaning "turn".
Contrasting song forms include through-composed, with new music written for every stanza, and ternary form, with a contrasting central section. Strophic form – also called verse-repeating form, chorus form, AAA song form, or one-part song form – is a song structure in which all verses or stanzas of the text are sung to the same music. " Das Wandern", the opening song in Franz Schubert's song cycle Die schöne Müllerin, an example of a strophic song
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